toll-like receptor 3
Symbol
TLR3
(may also be known as: None)
Organism
Human
Description
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This receptor is most abundantly expressed in placenta and pancreas, and is restricted to the dendritic subpopulation of the leukocytes. It recognizes dsRNA associated with viral infection, and induces the activation of NF-kappaB and the production of type I interferons. It may thus play a role in host defense against viruses. Use of alternative polyadenylation sites to generate different length transcripts has been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Orthologs
| Symbol | Species | |
|---|---|---|
| tlr3 | Danio rerio | |
| Tlr3 | Mus musculus | |
| Tlr3 | Rattus norvegicus |
Links to external resources
Changes associated with this gene
| Identifier | Name | Type | Tissues | Organism | Gene | Data | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DAA2209 | toll-like receptor 3 increases with age | Molecular | hippocampus | Human | TLR3 | 53.0% Increase Gene Expression Level |
GO Terms
| GO ID | GO Term | GO Category | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0001934 | positive regulation of protein phosphorylation | biological_process | |
| GO:0002224 | toll-like receptor signaling pathway | biological_process | |
| GO:0002282 | microglial cell activation involved in immune response | biological_process | |
| GO:0002756 | MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway | biological_process | |
| GO:0006972 | hyperosmotic response | biological_process | |
| GO:0007165 | signal transduction | biological_process | |
| GO:0007250 | activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity | biological_process | |
| GO:0007252 | I-kappaB phosphorylation | biological_process | |
| GO:0008584 | male gonad development | biological_process | |
| GO:0009597 | detection of virus | biological_process | |
| GO:0032722 | positive regulation of chemokine production | biological_process | |
| GO:0032728 | positive regulation of interferon-beta production | biological_process | |
| GO:0032735 | positive regulation of interleukin-12 production | biological_process | |
| GO:0032755 | positive regulation of interleukin-6 production | biological_process | |
| GO:0032757 | positive regulation of interleukin-8 production | biological_process | |
| GO:0032760 | positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production | biological_process | |
| GO:0034123 | positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway | biological_process | |
| GO:0034138 | toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway | biological_process | |
| GO:0034346 | positive regulation of type III interferon production | biological_process | |
| GO:0035458 | cellular response to interferon-beta | biological_process | |
| GO:0035666 | TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway | biological_process | |
| GO:0035690 | cellular response to drug | biological_process | |
| GO:0042346 | positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus | biological_process | |
| GO:0042742 | defense response to bacterium | biological_process | |
| GO:0043065 | positive regulation of apoptotic process | biological_process | |
| GO:0043123 | positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade | biological_process | |
| GO:0045078 | positive regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process | biological_process | |
| GO:0045080 | positive regulation of chemokine biosynthetic process | biological_process | |
| GO:0045087 | innate immune response | biological_process | |
| GO:0045356 | positive regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process | biological_process | |
| GO:0045359 | positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process | biological_process | |
| GO:0045671 | negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation | biological_process | |
| GO:0045944 | positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter | biological_process | |
| GO:0046330 | positive regulation of JNK cascade | biological_process | |
| GO:0050729 | positive regulation of inflammatory response | biological_process | |
| GO:0051092 | positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity | biological_process | |
| GO:0051607 | defense response to virus | biological_process | |
| GO:0052033 | pathogen-associated molecular pattern dependent induction by symbiont of host innate immune response | biological_process | |
| GO:0071260 | cellular response to mechanical stimulus | biological_process | |
| GO:0071346 | cellular response to interferon-gamma | biological_process | |
| GO:0071360 | cellular response to exogenous dsRNA | biological_process | |
| GO:0005622 | intracellular | cellular_component | |
| GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | cellular_component | |
| GO:0005768 | endosome | cellular_component | |
| GO:0005783 | endoplasmic reticulum | cellular_component | |
| GO:0005789 | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0005887 | integral to plasma membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0009986 | cell surface | cellular_component | |
| GO:0010008 | endosome membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0016021 | integral to membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0036020 | endolysosome membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0003725 | double-stranded RNA binding | molecular_function | |
| GO:0004872 | receptor activity | molecular_function | |
| GO:0004888 | transmembrane signaling receptor activity | molecular_function | |