major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1

Symbol

HLA-DRB1 (may also be known as: None)

Organism

Human

Description

HLA-DRB1 belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogs. The class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta chain (DRB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa. It is encoded by 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide; exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains; exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain; and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. Hundreds of DRB1 alleles have been described and typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. DRB1 is expressed at a level five times higher than its paralogs DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. DRB1 is present in all individuals. Allelic variants of DRB1 are linked with either none or one of the genes DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. There are 4 related pseudogenes: DRB2, DRB6, DRB7, DRB8 and DRB9. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Links to external resources

Changes associated with this gene

Identifier	Name	Type	Tissues	Organism	Gene	Data
DAA2135	major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 increases with age	Molecular	hippocampus	Human	HLA-DRB1	193.5% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2137	major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 increases with age	Molecular	frontal lobe	Human	HLA-DRB1	83.0% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2136	major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 increases with age	Molecular	parietal lobe	Human	HLA-DRB1	90.3% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2360	major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 increases with age	Molecular	hippocampus	Human	HLA-DRB1	204.2% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2365	major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 increases with age	Molecular	parietal lobe	Human	HLA-DRB1	111.1% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2370	major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 increases with age	Molecular	frontal lobe	Human	HLA-DRB1	84.8% Increase Gene Expression Level

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GO Terms

GO ID	GO Term	GO Category
GO:0002504	antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II	biological_process
GO:0006955	immune response	biological_process
GO:0007165	signal transduction	biological_process
GO:0019221	cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	biological_process
GO:0031295	T cell costimulation	biological_process
GO:0032673	regulation of interleukin-4 production	biological_process
GO:0050852	T cell receptor signaling pathway	biological_process
GO:0051262	protein tetramerization	biological_process
GO:0060333	interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway	biological_process
GO:2001179	regulation of interleukin-10 secretion	biological_process
GO:0005765	lysosomal membrane	cellular_component
GO:0005768	endosome	cellular_component
GO:0005783	endoplasmic reticulum	cellular_component
GO:0005789	endoplasmic reticulum membrane	cellular_component
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	cellular_component
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	cellular_component
GO:0005887	integral to plasma membrane	cellular_component
GO:0009897	external side of plasma membrane	cellular_component
GO:0016020	membrane	cellular_component
GO:0016021	integral to membrane	cellular_component
GO:0031902	late endosome membrane	cellular_component
GO:0042613	MHC class II protein complex	cellular_component
GO:0032395	MHC class II receptor activity	molecular_function
GO:0042605	peptide antigen binding	molecular_function
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