Dendrite regression, reduction in dendrite length
PhysiologicalData Availability
Period at which this change occurs is not accurately known
Tissue
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brain
Changes
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Anatomical System
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anatomical site
- head and neck
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thorax
- thoracic wall
- abdomen
- pelvis
- perineum
- upper limb
- lower limb
- whole body
- adipose tissue
- mucosa
- spine
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cardiovascular system
-
heart
- atrium
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ventricle
- left ventricle
- endocardium
- myocardium
- pericardium
- cardiac valve
- cardiac conducting system
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artery
- aorta
- arterial intima
- arterial media
- arterial adventitia
- carotid artery
- coronary artery
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vein
- venous intima
- venous media
- venous adventitia
- capillary
-
heart
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respiratory system
- nose
- sinus
- larynx
- trachea
- bronchus
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lung
- alveolus
- pleura
- diaphragm
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hematological system
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bone marrow
- hematopoietic stem cells
- mesenchymal stem cell
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blood
- plasma
- myeloid progenitor cell
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bone marrow
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lymphoreticular system
- lymph
- lymph node
- tonsil
- spleen
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alimentary system
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oral cavity
- tongue
- salivary gland
- tooth
- gum
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pharynx
- nasopharynx
- oropharynx
- hypopharynx
- oesophagus
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stomach
- gastric mucosa
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intestine
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small intestine
- duodenum
- jejunum
- ileum
- vermiform appendix
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large intestine
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colorectal
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colon
- appendix
- rectum
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colon
- anus
- cecum
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colorectal
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small intestine
- mesentery
- omentum
- peritoneum
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liver and biliary system
- liver
- gall bladder
- bile duct
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pancreas
- exocrine pancreas
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oral cavity
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urogenital system
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urinary system
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kidney
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nephron
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renal corpuscle
- glomerus
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renal tubule
- renal proximal convoluted tubule
- renal distal convoluted tubule
- loop of Henle
- renal collecting duct
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renal corpuscle
- renal vasculature
- glomerulus
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nephron
- ureter
- bladder
- urethra
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kidney
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reproductive system
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male reproductive system
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testis
- seminiferous tubule
- epididymis
- prostate
- vas deferens
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penis
- glans
- foreskin
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testis
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female reproductive system
- ovary
- uterine tube
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uterus
- cervix
- endometrium
- myometrium
- vagina
- vulva
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breast
- mammary gland
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male reproductive system
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urinary system
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endocrine system
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endocrine pancreas
- islets of Langerhans
- pineal gland
- pituitary gland
- thyroid
- parathyroid
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adrenal gland
- adrenal cortex
- adrenal medulla
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endocrine pancreas
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musculoskeletal system
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bone
- ulna
- femur
- cartilage
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joint
- synovium
- ligament
- meniscus
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muscle
- skeletal muscle
- smooth muscle
- tendon
- fascia
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bone
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integument system
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skin
- epidermis
- dermis
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appendages
- hair follicle
- hair
- nail bed
- nail
- sweat gland
- sebaceous gland
- subcutaneous
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skin
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nervous system
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central nervous system
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brain
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cerebrum
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cerebral cortex
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frontal lobe
- prefrontal cortex
- parietal lobe
- temporal lobe
- occipital lobe
- visual
- insula
- olfactory bulb
- anterior olfactory nucleus
- lateral olfactory stria
- medial olfactory stria
- olfactory tubercle
- primary olfactory cortex
- secondary olfactory cortex
- hippocampus
- parahippocampal gyrus
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frontal lobe
- basal nuclei
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cerebral cortex
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hypothalamus
- preoptic nucleus
- supraoptic nucleus
- suprachiasmatic nucleus
- paraventricular nucleus
- infundibular nucleus
- anterior nucleus
- dorsomedial nucleus
- ventromedial nucleus
- lateral nucleus
- posterior nucleus
- premamillary nucleus
- tuberomamillary nucleus
- medial mamillary nucleus
- lateral mamillary nucleus
- lateral tuberal nucleus
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brain stem
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midbrain
- crus cerebri
- colliculi
- substantia nigra
- red nucleus
- periaqueductal grey matter
- oculomotor nucleus
- trochlear nucleus
- mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus
-
pons
- vestibular nuclei
- cochlear nuclei
- superior olivary nucleus
- trapezoid nucleus
- nucleus of the lateral lemniscus
- abducent nucleus
- facial nucleus
- salivatory nuclei
- trigeminal nucleus
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midbrain
-
cerebellum
- cerebellum cortex
- cerebellum nuclei
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tract
- corpus callosum
- ventricular system
- cerebrospinal fluid
- meninges
- white matter
- grey matter
- blood brain barrier
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cerebrum
- spinal cord
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brain
-
peripheral nervous system
-
visual apparatus
- globe
- eyelid
- lacrimal gland
- conjunctiva
- cornea
- sclera
- lens
- vitreous humor
- iris
- ciliary body
- choroid
- retina
- optic nerve
- trabecular meshwork
-
auditory apparatus
- external ear
- middle ear
- tympanum
- auditory tube
- auditory ossicle
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internal ear
-
osseous labyrinth
-
cochlea
- spiral organ of Corti
- semicircular canal
- vestibule
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cochlea
- membranous labyrinth
-
osseous labyrinth
- olfactory apparatus
- peripheral nerve
- ganglion
- sympathetic chain
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visual apparatus
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central nervous system
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immune system
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thymus
- T cell progenitor
- lymphocytes
- B cell
- memory B cell
- T cell
- T regulatory cell
- stromal cell
- naïve T cell
- neutrophil
- macrophage
- natural killer cell
- dendritic cell
- leukocyte
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thymus
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anatomical site
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Anatomical System
References
- Dickstein et al. (2007) "Changes in the structural complexity of the aged brain." Aging Cell 6(3):275-284 (PubMed)
- Jacobs et al. (2001) "Regional dendritic and spine variation in human cerebral cortex: a quantitative golgi study." Cereb. Cortex 11(6):558-571 (PubMed)
- de Brabander et al. (1998) "Layer-specific dendritic regression of pyramidal cells with ageing in the human prefrontal cortex." Eur. J. Neurosci. 10(4):1261-1269 (PubMed)
- Jacobs et al. (1997) "Life-span dendritic and spine changes in areas 10 and 18 of human cortex: a quantitative Golgi study." J. Comp. Neurol. 386(4):661-680 (PubMed)
- Nakamura et al. (1985) "Age-related changes of pyramidal cell basal dendrites in layers III and V of human motor cortex: a quantitative Golgi study." Acta Neuropathol. 65(3-4):281-284 (PubMed)
- Scheibel et al. (1975) "Progressive dendritic changes in aging human cortex." Exp. Neurol. 47(3):392-403 (PubMed)
External Links
Description
There is an age-related regression in the dendritic arbors and the dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons located in the prefronatal, superior temporal and precentral cortices. The basal dendritic branching patterns of pyramidal cells in preferental cortex had a decrease in total dendritic length, total number of dendritic segments, and terminal dendritic length with age. Pyramidal cells from areas 10 and 18 of cortex exhibit a 9-11% decrease in total dendritic length and a 50% decrease in spine density.