toll-like receptor 4

Symbol

TLR4 (may also be known as: None)

Organism

Human

Description

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This receptor has been implicated in signal transduction events induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) found in most gram-negative bacteria. Mutations in this gene have been associated with differences in LPS responsiveness. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2012]

Orthologs

SymbolSpecies
tlr4bb Danio rerio
Tlr4 Mus musculus
Tlr4 Rattus norvegicus

Links to external resources

Changes associated with this gene

Identifier Name Type Tissues Organism Gene Data Actions
DAA2226 toll-like receptor 4 increases with age Molecular parietal lobe Human TLR4 82.2% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2210 toll-like receptor 4 increases with age Molecular hippocampus Human TLR4 69.4% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2239 toll-like receptor 4 increases with age Molecular frontal lobe Human TLR4 150.9% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2211 toll-like receptor 4 increases with age Molecular hippocampus Human TLR4 65.2% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2227 toll-like receptor 4 increases with age Molecular parietal lobe Human TLR4 46.0% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2240 toll-like receptor 4 increases with age Molecular frontal lobe Human TLR4 83.7% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2225 toll-like receptor 4 increases with age Molecular parietal lobe Human TLR4 114.7% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2238 toll-like receptor 4 increases with age Molecular frontal lobe Human TLR4 148.4% Increase Gene Expression Level
DAA2224 toll-like receptor 4 increases with age Molecular parietal lobe Human TLR4 115.5% Increase Gene Expression Level

GO Terms

GO IDGO TermGO Category
GO:0000187 activation of MAPK activity biological_process
GO:0001666 response to hypoxia biological_process
GO:0002224 toll-like receptor signaling pathway biological_process
GO:0002282 microglial cell activation involved in immune response biological_process
GO:0002537 nitric oxide production involved in inflammatory response biological_process
GO:0002755 MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway biological_process
GO:0002756 MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway biological_process
GO:0002758 innate immune response-activating signal transduction biological_process
GO:0003009 skeletal muscle contraction biological_process
GO:0006955 immune response biological_process
GO:0006979 response to oxidative stress biological_process
GO:0007165 signal transduction biological_process
GO:0007249 I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade biological_process
GO:0007252 I-kappaB phosphorylation biological_process
GO:0008063 Toll signaling pathway biological_process
GO:0009636 response to toxin biological_process
GO:0010572 positive regulation of platelet activation biological_process
GO:0014823 response to activity biological_process
GO:0016046 detection of fungus biological_process
GO:0016064 immunoglobulin mediated immune response biological_process
GO:0030890 positive regulation of B cell proliferation biological_process
GO:0031663 lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway biological_process
GO:0032496 response to lipopolysaccharide biological_process
GO:0032497 detection of lipopolysaccharide biological_process
GO:0032570 response to progesterone stimulus biological_process
GO:0032689 negative regulation of interferon-gamma production biological_process
GO:0032700 negative regulation of interleukin-17 production biological_process
GO:0032707 negative regulation of interleukin-23 production biological_process
GO:0032715 negative regulation of interleukin-6 production biological_process
GO:0032720 negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production biological_process
GO:0032722 positive regulation of chemokine production biological_process
GO:0032727 positive regulation of interferon-alpha production biological_process
GO:0032728 positive regulation of interferon-beta production biological_process
GO:0032729 positive regulation of interferon-gamma production biological_process
GO:0032732 positive regulation of interleukin-1 production biological_process
GO:0032733 positive regulation of interleukin-10 production biological_process
GO:0032735 positive regulation of interleukin-12 production biological_process
GO:0032755 positive regulation of interleukin-6 production biological_process
GO:0032757 positive regulation of interleukin-8 production biological_process
GO:0032760 positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production biological_process
GO:0032868 response to insulin stimulus biological_process
GO:0034130 toll-like receptor 1 signaling pathway biological_process
GO:0034134 toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway biological_process
GO:0034142 toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway biological_process
GO:0042088 T-helper 1 type immune response biological_process
GO:0042116 macrophage activation biological_process
GO:0042346 positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus biological_process
GO:0042535 positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor biosynthetic process biological_process
GO:0042742 defense response to bacterium biological_process
GO:0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process biological_process
GO:0043123 positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB cascade biological_process
GO:0043388 positive regulation of DNA binding biological_process
GO:0045084 positive regulation of interleukin-12 biosynthetic process biological_process
GO:0045087 innate immune response biological_process
GO:0045348 positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process biological_process
GO:0045359 positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process biological_process
GO:0045416 positive regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process biological_process
GO:0045429 positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process biological_process
GO:0045471 response to ethanol biological_process
GO:0045671 negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation biological_process
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter biological_process
GO:0046330 positive regulation of JNK cascade biological_process
GO:0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response biological_process
GO:0050731 positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation biological_process
GO:0050829 defense response to Gram-negative bacterium biological_process
GO:0051092 positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity biological_process
GO:0051770 positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase biosynthetic process biological_process
GO:0051930 regulation of sensory perception of pain biological_process
GO:0052033 pathogen-associated molecular pattern dependent induction by symbiont of host innate immune response biological_process
GO:0060729 intestinal epithelial structure maintenance biological_process
GO:0060907 positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production biological_process
GO:0070373 negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade biological_process
GO:0070374 positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade biological_process
GO:0070430 positive regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1 signaling pathway biological_process
GO:0070434 positive regulation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 signaling pathway biological_process
GO:0070542 response to fatty acid biological_process
GO:0071222 cellular response to lipopolysaccharide biological_process
GO:0071223 cellular response to lipoteichoic acid biological_process
GO:0071260 cellular response to mechanical stimulus biological_process
GO:0005622 intracellular cellular_component
GO:0005737 cytoplasm cellular_component
GO:0005886 plasma membrane cellular_component
GO:0005887 integral to plasma membrane cellular_component
GO:0009897 external side of plasma membrane cellular_component
GO:0045121 membrane raft cellular_component
GO:0046696 lipopolysaccharide receptor complex cellular_component
GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm cellular_component
GO:0001530 lipopolysaccharide binding molecular_function
GO:0001875 lipopolysaccharide receptor activity molecular_function
GO:0004872 receptor activity molecular_function
GO:0004888 transmembrane signaling receptor activity molecular_function
GO:0005515 protein binding molecular_function
GO:0043548 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding molecular_function