major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4
Symbol
Organism
Description
HLA-DRB4 belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta (DRB) chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa and its gene contains 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. DRB1 is expressed at a level five times higher than its paralogues DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. The presence of DRB4 is linked with allelic variants of DRB1, otherwise it is omitted. There are 4 related pseudogenes: DRB2, DRB6, DRB7, DRB8 and DRB9. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Orthologs
| Symbol | Species | |
|---|---|---|
| H2-Eb1 | Mus musculus | |
| RT1-Db1 | Rattus norvegicus |
Links to external resources
Changes associated with this gene
| Identifier | Name | Type | Tissues | Organism | Gene | Data | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DAA2361 | major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4 increases with age | Molecular | hippocampus | Human | HLA-DRB4 | 177.7% Increase Gene Expression Level | |
| DAA2371 | major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4 increases with age | Molecular | frontal lobe | Human | HLA-DRB4 | 88.5% Increase Gene Expression Level | |
| DAA2366 | major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4 increases with age | Molecular | parietal lobe | Human | HLA-DRB4 | 100.4% Increase Gene Expression Level |
GO Terms
| GO ID | GO Term | GO Category | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0002504 | antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II | biological_process | |
| GO:0006955 | immune response | biological_process | |
| GO:0019221 | cytokine-mediated signaling pathway | biological_process | |
| GO:0031295 | T cell costimulation | biological_process | |
| GO:0050852 | T cell receptor signaling pathway | biological_process | |
| GO:0060333 | interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway | biological_process | |
| GO:0005765 | lysosomal membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0005768 | endosome | cellular_component | |
| GO:0005783 | endoplasmic reticulum | cellular_component | |
| GO:0005789 | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0005794 | Golgi apparatus | cellular_component | |
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0016021 | integral to membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0031902 | late endosome membrane | cellular_component | |
| GO:0042613 | MHC class II protein complex | cellular_component | |